Double-acting bench plane



R. K. BRYANT DOUBLE-ACTING BENCH PLANE May 1, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed June 6, 1950 IT.- M

JNVENTOR. RAY K. BRYANT y 1951 R. K..BRYANT 2,550,766

DOUBLE-ACTING BENCH PLANE Filed June. 6, 1950 I '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 613537 1 33 1 ll i4 36241 I 1 40 /4] {6 1N VEN TOR.

ATTORNEYS RAY K. BRYANT Patented May 1, 1951 UNKTED STATES iA'iEN'i()FFRCE DOUBLE-ACTING BENCH PLANE Ray K. Bryant, Liberty, '8. C.

Application June 6, 1950, Serial No. 166,365

6 Claims.

This invention relates to a double acting bench plane which cuts on therearward or retracting stroke as well as on the forward stroke, theprimary object of the invention being to provide a practical andeilicient bench plane of this character which is of simple and ruggedconstruction.

Another important object of the invention is to provide a double actingbench plane of the character indicated above which involves a dualcutter arrangement in which the blades or cutter bits are individuallyand removably mounted in a holder but are capable of adjustment togethertoward and away from the under side of the stock by vertical adjustmentof the holder, the blades being oppositely angulated in the holder, andthe holder being automatically rockable as the plane broken away;

Figure 2 is a vertically contracted left hand side elevation, partlybroken away, showing the cutter assembly in intermediate or neutralposition;

Figure 3 is a transverse vertical section, taken.

on the line 33 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a general fragmentary vertical longitudinal section showingthe cutter assembly in position for cutting thework on a rearward orretracting stroke of the plane;

v Figure 5 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line 5--5 ofFigure 2;

Figure 6. is a view similar to Figure 4, showing ini dotted lines anupward adjustment of the cutter assembly; and

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the mechanism including the cutterassembly, removed from the plane stock.

:Re'ferring in detail to the drawings, the numeral 9 generallydesignates the plane stock having a bottom plate IE! adapted to be slidalong the work I I, such as a board supported upon a bench (not shown),longitudinal side walls l2 tapered upwardly from the opposite ends l3and I4, re-

spectively, of the stock to the risers I5 at the middle of thestock. Acentral horizontal cross member or plate I 6 extends across the stockbestock cross member 22 projecting from its lower end to thread into ahole 24 locateclcentrallyin the bar or plate l6.

The bottom plate ll] of the stock 9 has a transversely elongated opening25 positioned in vertical alignment with the central cross memberthrough which the cutter blades or bits operate upon the work Verticallyelongated slots 23 are formed in the stock side walls l2 and extend in aplane perpendicular to the stock bottom plate It? and passing midwaybetween the front and rear edges 21 and 28, respectively, of the opening25, the slots having their lower ends29 spaced upwardly from the stockbottom plate It with their upper ends 33 terminating in the risers l5,as shown in Figure 3. The slots 26 accommodate a spindle 3| whoseopposite ends project outwardly beyond the side.

walls l2 and engage in holes 32 in the lower ends of legs- 33'positioned at the outer sides of the side walls i2 and depending fromthe bight portion 33 of an inverted U-shaped adjusting yoke 34. Thebight portion 33 is substantially spaced above and parallelly overliesthe central cross member It. A vertical adjusting screw 35, having aknob 36 on its upper end, is threaded downwardly through the middle ofthe yoke bight portion 33 with its lower end 31 engaged with the It. Asmaller assembling screw 38, having a head 39 on its lower end isthreaded upwardly through the cross member |6 and into a bore 49 in thelower end of the adjust ing screw 35. By this means rotation of theadjusting screw in opposite directions raises and lowersthe yoke as andthe spindle 3| and the two similar jaws or holder plates 4|.

As shown in Figures 4, 6 and '7, the holder plates 4| are relativelythick and segmental in shape, and have downwardly converging ends 42, a

straight lower edge 53, and a curved upper edge :4, and have centeredtransverse holes receiving opposite end portions of the spindle 3|. Theholder plates, as shown in Figure 3, are positioned against the inwardsides of the stock side walls l2. Near their upper edges M the plates 4|have sockets 46 positioned at their vertical centers.

Opening through opposite ends of the lower edges 53 of the holder plates4| are blade or bit slots 41 which are parallel to the adjacentconverging ends 42 of the plates, and in these slots I1, including aboss I8, extends between the side are inserted the upper plain portions58 off the transversely elongated rectangular, front and rear blades orbits 69 and 50, respectively. The blades have straight upper edges 5!and lower cutting edges 52 parallel thereto. The cutting edges 52 aredefined by tapering the outer sides of the blades from the lower end ofthe plain portions 48 to the lower ends of the blades, as indicated at118, whereby the cutting actions of the blades 539 and 50 areopposite.The blades are cut away at their ends at 5% to shorten the portion 48'to fit the opening 25. Set screws 52 are threaded through the ends 42 ofthe plates ii to engage and lock the blades in the slots i? with thetapered lower portions of the blades pro iecting below the lower edges43 of the plates 5!. A transversely elongated shaving guide block 53 ofwedge cross section is positioned between the blade holder platesiil andbetween the blades 5? and 58 to guide the shavings or chips upward asthey are cut. The block 53 has plain ends 5 3 \v'l'iich are engaged withthe inner sides of the "plates ltandhas a longitudinal bore 55extenddagthere'through midway between its upper and lowerends 56 and 5?,respectively, through which the spindle -3l extends to hold the block 53in "'fplaceQI -Asshown in Figure 4, the upper and wider "ehd zjfi of theblock- 53 is rounded as is the lower narrower endg5l thereof.

he' upp er ends of the block ends 5- are rec e' as indicated at 58, anda longitudinal bore -'59'"fo'rmedthrough-the upper, part of the block5}, accommodates a, second spindle 55 which has portions extendingacross the recesses ES and terminating in rounded ends 61 positioned inthe j wl chare onjzhe endsoi horizontal arms 62. The a ms'j'62 convergetoward their opposite ends and are joined by a portion 63 .to form ayokeM. The portionj fid isslotted in its free end to define two spacedar'rns $31 traversed by a pivot bolt 65. A al lev er fifi, has an upperend portion El sed by a pivot bolt 68 extending throughgapsjerselrlppaoedears 69 rising from the stock dossrnember lflthrouigha slot E9 formed in the bross n ember [S between these ears, as shownTirigFfigihre E. An upwardly curved handle ii is fixed at its lower endto the upperend portion E! of the lever 65. The lever 681has a lower endportio 12 which curves downwardly toward the end M jthe stock and-istraversed by the pivot bolt li fi the pivot bolt'65 beingdisplacedtoward the stock end l i off-center from the pivot bolt 58 in the"intermediate neutral perpendicular position ofthe handle 5'! shown inFigures 2 and 6. The s'lot'fllin the stock cross-member i9 is of such alerf'gthand so positioned that in opposite tilting movements of thehandle H on the pivot bolt 55 the'hpper-portion 61 of the lever 66engages opposite ends of the slotill whereby rocking of the blade holderplates in opposite directions is lim-' ited to give the cutter blades Q9and 5d correctly angulated cutting-positions.

It will be obvious from the foregoing that with the blades adjusted forcutting depth by means of the adjusting screw 35 and with the bottomplate Id of the stock 9 applied to plane a surface of the Work H, a pushin one direction on the handle ll will tilt the handle ll in acorresponding direction from the neutral position. This pulls the yokeit in the opposite direction and tilts the blade holder plates 4| in thesame direction, thereby elevating the blade 43 above the stock bottomplate Hi and depressing the blade 50 through the opening 25 in thebottom plate [El into contact with the work at a proper declining anglefor cutting or planing in said one direction. If at the end of such astroke an opposite pull is exerted on the handle ll for a return stroke,the yoke, 64 is pushed in the opposite direction so as to tilt the bladeholder plates ll in said opposite direction, withdraw the blade 50 fromcutting position and depress the blade 3S through the stock bottom plateopening Ill into correctly declining cutting'relation to the work I l,as-shown in Figure 4. As strokes are made in opposite directions withthe plane these changes in the cutting relations of the blades 49 and 50take; place instantly and automatically. -What i claimed is:

1. 'In -a double acting plane, a plane stock -having a-'work engagingface, a blade holder pivoted on said stock on an'aXis extendingtransverselyof said stock, said blade having a neutral position, a pairof blades depending from said blade holder, said-blades convergingdownwardly towardeach other with their lower edges located abovethe'work engaging face of said stock in the neutral position of saidblade holder, said blade holder being arranged to'be pivoted in oppositedirections away from its neutral position so as to project one of saidblades at a time downwardly below t e Work en aging face of the stock ata -'declining angle to contact a surface to be planed 1 thereon, apairofend cross members extending between said side walls above said bottomplate, an intermediate crossmember extending between said side walls andspaced from said end cross members, said bottorn plate being formed withi a bla de exposingopening beneath said intermediateflcross member, ,ablade holder positioned between said side walls andbetwecn saidintermediatecrossv member andsaid bottom plate, n lans'mountingsaidblade holder in placesaid blade'holder" having a neutral position andbeing arranged to tilt toward opposite ends'of the stock from theneutral position, a pair of spaced and downwardly, converging bladesmounted on said blade holder having cutting edges depending belowsaid'holder, said cutting edges being spaced above'sai'd bottom plate inthe neutralposition of the blade holder, a vertical handle projectingabove one of said endcross members, a vertical lever' securd to dependfrom the lovverend of saidhandlefmeans pivoting said lever on said one 5end cross member to swing on an axis extending transversely of saidstock, and a yoke extending between and pivotally connected to saidvertical lever and to said blade holder whereby application of pressureson said handle in opposite direcformed with a blade openinglongitudinally spaced from the ends of the stock, a blade holder pivotedon said stock above said blade opening on a horizontal axis extendingacross said stock, said blade holder having a perpendicular neutralposition, a pair of longitudinally spaced blades depending from saidblade holder, said blades converging downwardly toward each other withtheir. lower edges located above said bottom plate in the neutralposition or" said blade holder, said blades being arranged toalternately project downwardly through said blade opening at a decliningangle to contact a surface to be planed as said blade hclderis tilted inopposite directions from its neutral position, a vertical hand leverpivoted on said stock to swing toward opposite ends of said s'tock, saidhand lever having an intermediate position, and means operativelyconnecting said hand lever to said blade holder whereby said bladeholder is tilted in opposite directions away from its neutral positionas manual pressure i applied to swing said hand lever in oppositedirections and to move the plane in corresponding directions in contactwith the surface to be planed, said stock having laterally spacedlongitudinal side walls rising therefrom and formed with verticallyelongated slots in line with said blade opening, a first spindleextending across said stock with its ends in said slots, said spindletraversing said blade holder between said front and rear blades andmounting said blade holder for tilting movement, a cross memberextending between said side walls and spaced above said blade holder, ayoke having a portion spaced above said cross member and a leg dependingtherefrom and connected to said spindle, a vertical adjusting screwthreaded through said yoke portion and connected to said blade holder,said adjusting screw beingrotatable in opposite directions to raise andlower said blade holder to determine the amount of projection of saidblades below the stock plate bottom in their operative positions.

4. In a double acting plane, a plane stock having a bottom plate, saidbottom plate being formed with a blade opening longitudinally spacedfrom the ends of the stock, a blade holder pivoted on said stock abovesaid blade opening on a horizontal axis extending across said stock,said blade holder having a perpendicular neutral position, a pair oflongitudinally spaced blades depending from said blade holder, saidblades converging downwardly toward each other with their lower edgeslocated above said bottom plate in the neutral position of said bladeholder, said blades being arranged to alternately project downwardlythrough said blade opening at a deends of said stock, said hand leverhaving an intermediate position, and means operatively connecting saidhand lever to said blade holder whereby said blade holder is tilted inopposite directions away from its neutral position'as manual pressure isapplied to swing said hand lever in opposite directions and to move theplane in corresponding directions in contact with the surface to beplaned, said stock having laterally spaced longitudinal side wallsrising therefrom and formed with vertically elongated slots in line withsaid blade opening, a first spindle extending across said stock with itsends in said slots, said spindle traversing said blade holder betweensaid front and rear blades and mounting said blade holder for tiltingmovement, a cross member exare cut by the blades.

tending between said side walls and spaced above said blade holder, ayoke having a portion spaced above said cross member and a leg dependingtherefrom and connected to said spindle, a vertical adjusting screwthreaded through said yoke portion and connected to said blade holder,said adjustin screw being rotatable in opposite directions to raise andlower said blade holder to determine the amount of projection of saidblades below the stock plate bottom in their operative positions, ashaving guide mounted on said stock and depending between and in spacedrelation to said blades for guiding shavings upwardly between the bladesand said guide as the shavings 5. In a double acting plane, a planestock having a bottom plate, said bottom plate being formed with a bladeopening longitudinally spaced from the ends of the stock, a blade holderpivoted on said stock above said blade opening on a horizontal axisextending across said stock, said blade holder having a perpendicularneutral position, a pair of longitudinally spaced blades depending fromsaid blade holder, said blades converging downwardly toward each otherwith their lower edges located above said bottom plate in the neutralposition of said blade holder, said blades being arranged to alternatelyproject downwardly through said blade opening at a declining angle tocontact a surface to be planed as said blade holder is tilted inopposite directions from its neutral position, a vertical hand leverpivoted on said stock to swing toward opposite ends of said stock, saidhand lever having an intermediate position, and means operativelyconnecting said hand lever to said blade holder whereby said bladeholder is tilted in opposite directions away from its neutral positionas manual pressure is applied to swing said hand lever in oppositedirections and to move the plane in corresponding directions in contactwith the surface to be planed, said stock having laterally spacedlongitudinal side walls rising therefrom and formed with verticallyelongated slots in line with said blade opening, a first spindleextending across said stock with its ends in said slots, said spindletraversing said blade holder between said front and rear blades andmounting said blade holder for tilting movement, a cross memberextending between said side walls and spaced above said blade holder, ayoke having a portion spaced above said cross member and a'leg dependingtherefrom and connected to said spindle, a vertical adjusting screwthreaded through said yoke portion and connected to said blade holder,said adjusting screw being rotatable in opposite directions to raise andlower said blade holder to determine the amount of projection of saidblades below the stock plate bottom in their operative,positions.a?.shavingguide nounted onsaid stock .arecutby the blades,-saidblade holdencoinpnis- ,-'i 1 1 ,.a pair ofholder platespositionednat opposite sides otsaid. stock with said-shaving. guideposi- .tioned'therebetween saidblade.,holde iplatesand shaving guidebeing onnected to t'ilt together.

$6, In. a-jdolibleactin plane;afplanestockhaving av-bo.ttom plate, said.bottom iplatep-being formed .withaiblad, op eningv longitudinally:spaced ;f'lE0m the ends OfJShEgSPOCk, a-; blade holden pivotedon said.stock above said -b1ade-. .0pening;.lQn a horizontalax-isextendingacross said st0 ck,;sai d;blade holder having a perpendicularneutraLposition,

.a pair oflongitudinally-spaced bladesadepending fromssaid bladeho1der,-- said bladesconverging downwardly towardeach, other with their.lower Hedges locatedabove said bottom plate in-the neua tral positionor", .Said blade, holder, said,b1ades.=being arranged .to; alternately;project downwardly through. said blade openingnat, a declining angle tocontact a surface to .balplaned-asr-said blade ,holderistiltedin-opposite directions from its-neu- .tral position, averticalhandlever pivoted on said stock to swingtowardoppositeendsiof.said stock, said hand leverhaving ,anlintermediate, positionand-.m,eans-oper.atively, connectingsaidhand le ger tosaid bladehdldergwhereby. said blade holder ,is

laterally spaced longitudinal side walls rising 4 .ytherefrom and formedwith vertically elongated j slots inylinewith said blade opening, afirst .spindle extendin across said stock with its ends in said slots,.saidspindletraversing said blade holderbetween said front and rearbladesand mountingsaid blade holder for tiltingrnovement, .a crossmember extending between said side walls ,andspaced above said.bladeholder; a yokehav- ,ing-a portion spaced above said cross memberand a leg. depending therefrom and connected to said spindle, a verticaladjusting screw threaded through said. yoke portion. and connected tosaid blade holder, said adjusting screw being rotatable .in .oppositedirections to raise and lower said blade holder to-determine the amountof projec- ..tion of said blades below the stock plate bottom in .theiroperative positions, a shaving guide mounted on saidstock and dependingbetween and in spaced relation to said blades for. guiding shavingsupwardly between the blades and said guide as the shavings are cutby theblades, said blade holder comprising a pair of holder plates positionedat opposite sides of said stock with said shaving guide positionedtherebetween, said blade holder plates and shaving guide being connected.to tilt together, said. holder plates being formed with'downwardlyconverging blade slots opening through their lower ends in which saidblades are secured with said blades extending between the holder,plates.

' RAY K. BRYANT.

No references cited.

